A Delayed Eco-Epidemiological Prey–Predator Model and Its Discrete Version under the Weak Allee Effect

Kalyan Das; Kumar G.Ranjith

doi:10.61383/ejam.20253260

Authors

Kalyan Das Department of Interdisciplinary Sciences National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, HSIIDC Industrial Estate, Kundli, Haryana, India Corresponding Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7812-9723
G.Ranjith Kumar Department of Mathematics, Anurag University, Venkatapur, Hyderabad, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9874-5697

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61383/ejam.20253260

Keywords:

Allee-effect, Stability, Hopf-bifurcation, Intra-specific competition

Abstract

This study looks into a delayed predator–prey model that includes competition within the hunter species and a strong Allee effect in the prey population. The time delay is used as a bifurcation measure to look at how stable the coexistence equilibrium is. Our findings show that a Hopf splitting can happen when the delay goes over a certain level. The normal for \(m\) theory and center manifold method is used to find the direction and stability of the periodic solutions that are made. Number simulations add to the evidence for the mathematical findings.

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